Window into the Bible
Ploughing
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Ploughing Relief
Date: 3rd century AD. Place: Roman
Photographed at the M. C. Carlos Museum, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Sluggards do not plow in season; so at harvest time they look but find nothing. (Proverbs 20:4)
Painted Wooden Model of a Peasant Ploughing
Date: 2025 – 1850 BC. (11-12 dynasty) Place: Unknown
Photographed at the British Museum, London, England.
For it is written in the Law of Moses: “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.” Is it about oxen that God is concerned? Surely he says this for us, doesn’t he? Yes, this was written for us, because whoever plows and threshes should be able to do so in the hope of sharing in the harvest. (1 Corinthians 9:9-10) |
Yoke for Two Animals
Date: 700 – 650 BC. Place: Etruscan – Probably Etruria
Photographed at the British Museum, London, England.
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“Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. For my yoke is easy and my burden is light.” (Matthew 11:28-30)
Hoe
Date: 721 – 705 BC Place: Khorsabad, Assyria [Iraq]
Photographed at the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Made from Iron.
Iron Plough Point (and reproduced scale model of plough)
Date: Unknown Place Unknown
Photographed at the Kelso Museum, Pittsburgh Theological Seminary, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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As I have observed, those who plow evil and those who sow trouble reap it. (Job 4:8)
Plough (reproduction)
Photographed at Explorations in Antiquity Center, La Grange, Georgia, USA.
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Not a blacksmith could be found in the whole land of Israel, because the Philistines had said, “Otherwise the Hebrews will make swords or spears!” So all Israel went down to the Philistines to have their plow points, mattocks, axes and sickles sharpened. The price was two-thirds of a shekel for sharpening plow points and mattocks, and a third of a shekel for sharpening forks and axes and for repointing goads. (1 Samuel 13:19-21)
Plough (Real- recent ethnographic)
Photographed at the Harvard Semitic Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts USA.
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Jesus replied, “No one who puts a hand to the plow and looks back is fit for service in the kingdom of God.” (Luke 9:62)
Pick, Mattock and Hoe Tips
Date: 701-586 BC. Place: Beth Shemesh, Israel
Photographed at the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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He[The Lord] makes grass grow for the cattle, and plants for people to cultivate— bringing forth food from the earth: (Psalm 114:14)
Plough Points, Sickles and a Scythe
Date: 701-586 BC.
(Sickle- No 8: 1300 – 1200 BC.)
Place: Beth Shemesh, Israel
Photographed at the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Hoe
Date: 1540 – 1074 BC. (New kingdom) Place: Qerna, Egypt
Photographed at the Neues Museum, Berlin, Germany.
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Made of wood.
Small Plough, Sickle and Hoe
Date: 1540 – 1074 BC. (New kingdom) Place: Luxor & Qerna, Egypt
Photographed at the Neues Museum, Berlin, Germany.
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Note: Sickle has the remains of a flintstone blade still attached and the shaft of the plough is modern. The plough point is bronze.
Wooden Hoe
Date: Unkown
Place: Deir el-Bahri, Egypt
Photographed at the British Museum, London, England.
Hoard of Farm Tools
Date: 1900 – 1740 BC. Place: Kutalla, Babylonia [Iraq]
Photographed at the British Museum, London, England.
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This is a group of 86 bronze and copper alloy farm tools found together at Katulla. This is a rare find from this period.