Window into the Bible
Wine and Beer
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Beer Straw
Date: 2330 – 2150 BC Place: North Palace Area, Tell Asmar
Photographed at the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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It is not for kings, Lemuel— it is not for kings to drink wine, not for rulers to crave beer, … (Proverbs 31:4)
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Wine Mixing Bowl
Date: 630 – 615 BC Place: Corinth, Greece
Photographed at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York, USA.
Bowls like this were used during Greek symposia or drinking banquets. They were filled with wine mixed with water. This bowl is decorated with animals and sphinxes. |
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Krater
Date: 9th century BC. Place: Corinthian
Photographed at the M. C. Carlos Museum, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA |
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Wine Jars from a Woman’s Tomb
Date: c 1300 BC. (18 or 19 dynasty) Place: Thebes, Egypt
Photographed at the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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These ‘wheel made’ jars have hieroglyphic inscriptions stating that each jar held a different type of wine. The one on the left held sweet wine. The translation of the one on the right is uncertain.
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Inscribed Jar Handle
Date: 701 – 586 BC. Place: Gibeon, Israel
Photographed at the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Inscribed with “vineyard of Demeliah [son of] Shub’el”
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Inscribed Jar Handle
Date: 701 – 586 BC. Place: Gibeon, Israel
Photographed at the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Inscribed with “Gibeon, vineyard of Amaryahu”
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Bronze Mixing Bowl – Wine Set
Date: Late Bronze 2B. Place: Tomb 101, Tell es-Sa’idiyeh, Jordan.
Photographed at the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Who has woe? Who has sorrow? Who has strife? Who has complaints? Who has needless bruises? Who has bloodshot eyes? Those who linger over wine, who go to sample bowls of mixed wine. (Proverbs 23:30) |
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Glass Wine Amphora
Date: 150 – 100 BC. Place: Olbia on the Black Sea
Photographed at the Altes Museum, Berlin, Germany.
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In the month of Nisan in the twentieth year of King Artaxerxes, when wine was brought for him, I took the wine and gave it to the king. I had not been sad in his presence before,… (Nehemiah 2:1)